I’m back today to finish up the story about my 8th great-granduncle, William PARSONS, best friend of Benjamin FRANKLIN and founder of Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania. There’s one thing I’d like to clear up and that’s WHY William didn’t like Moravians. I didn’t understand it until I was reading some of the letters that have been preserved that were written by William and others. Remember in William’s time, the political turmoil of the age centered around British control of the colonies. In that light, let me show you what R. L. HOOPER, Jr. wrote:¹

R. L. Hooper to Maj. Genl. Greene

…This Mr. Oberlin is as rank a Torey as any in America & a Moravian & so are his Connections generally…

Letter from R. L. Hooper Jr. to Maj. Genl. Greene. From the book, Copies of Revolutionary War Letters Relating to Northampton County, Pennsylvania, by Ethan Allen Weaver. See footnote 1. Located at Marx Room, Easton Public Library, Easton, Pennsylvania.

The book mentioned above has transcriptions of letters William wrote and of letters that were written to him. It’s worth a look if you are a descendant or, like me, a collateral relative. As for disliking Germans, his wife and in-laws were German and he probably based his opinions off his experiences – as we all do. In any case, I just wanted to clear up the ‘why’ behind William’s initial dislike of Moravians and Germans before moving on.

I left off yesterday in 1745 with William packing up his two youngest daughters and leaving Johanna. A sad and disappointing time, I’m sure – because I really do think he loved her and I believe later in life he regretted leaving her. By 1748 William was in fairly poor health. Many researchers blame this on his sedentary work as a cobbler but I would hesitate to blame it all on that without seeing his death certificate or some other information showing he had no major health issues. In any case, he wasn’t doing well. In 1748 he resigned from his surveyor’s job and moved to Lancaster, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

The Lancaster Years and How William Got to Easton

“…I must also desire you while you are [in] London to buy me the last English Treatise concerning the Nature of Writs, Fitzherbert if translated which shall likewise be greatfully [sic] paid you.”²

Letter from William PARSONS to William PETERS, Stonyhill, Pennsylvania, November 17 1753. From the book, Copies of Revolutionary War Letters Relating to Northampton County, Pennsylvania, by Ethan Allen Weaver. See footnote 1. Located at Marx Room, Easton Public Library, Easton, Pennsylvania.

William was never one to “take it easy”. In Lancaster, he was commissioned as Justice of the Peace on 22 April 1749 and was also appointed Prothonotary, Register, and Recorder. He continued to survey at intervals when he felt well enough. This would explain his need for (and repeated requests for) The Nature of Writs by Anthony Fitzherbert, which he requested in 1753 and again in 1754.

In 1750, the PENN brothers (sons of William PENN), called on William to do a survey for a new town to be called Easton. William began the survey on 9 May 1750 and his old Junto Club friend, Nicholas SCULL II, was by his side to assist. The survey was completed on 19 May 1750.³ In order to get a feel for what William was walking into, we have to step back to the years 1736-1737 for just a moment.

William PENN had a reputation for dealing fairly with the Native Americans. His sons, John and Thomas, began dealing with the tribes based on their father’s good reputation. In 1736, the sons claimed that a 1686 treaty had ceded 1.2 million acres along the northern parts of the Delaware River to the PENNs. The wording in the deed stated that the Delaware were selling “a tract beginning at the junction of the upper Delaware River and the tributary Lehigh River (near present day Easton, Pennsylvania) and extending as far west as a man could walk in a day and a half”. It later became known “as the ‘Walking Purchase’, or Walking Treaty of 1737”.⁴ The PENNs began selling the land to settlers before the Lenape were even moved off it. To make matters worse, the Penn Land Agent Office drew up a map that incorrectly represented the area in order to placate the Indians. Lenape (Delaware) leaders believed a man could, at most, walk 40 miles in a day. This was their mindset when the deal was made. Going into the deal, the PENNs were supposed to send out men walking to see how far they would get in a day. What happened was that behind the scenes the Provincial Secretary hired the 3 fastest runners in the colony to run on a prepared trail and to be supervised on their “walk” by the Bucks County Sheriff. The “walk” happened on 19 September 1737. At the end of the “walk” the (falsified) map was marked. Everything looked kosher to the Lenape and the land deal was signed. The markings, done by the Bucks County Sheriff, resulted in 1.2 million acres being signed away by the Lenape. The PENNs forced the Delaware to vacate it. The Delaware appealed to the Iroquois and the Iroquois refused to assist them because, behind the scenes, the Iroquois had already made a deal with the Provincial Secretary. The Lenape were forced to vacate their land. Their good relations with the PENN family and the Pennsylvania government were over forever. The PENN’s exchanged their father’s good reputation for 1.2 million acres. Greed has a price and, in the end, it cost everyone more than the PENN father’s sacrificed reputation. The Lenape would soon begin exacting revenge on the settlers who dared to move onto the land.

Returning to 1752, Before the Revenge Years

On 11 March 1752 the Pennsylvania county of Northampton was established.⁵ Easton became part of Northampton County. William Parsons was the first inhabitant of the newly surveyed town of Easton. He moved there in December of 1752 with his two young daughters. He built a log cabin on Hamilton Street (now 4th Street) between Northampton and Church Streets. About 1756 he built the first house in Easton that was NOT a log cabin. He built it at 4th & Ferry just a couple of blocks from the log cabin. The house is now owned by the DAR and is called the Parsons-Taylor House.

Beginning 9 June 1752 and lasting until 1757 – three terms – William served as Easton’s Justice of the Peace in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. The first session of court was held on 16 June 1752.⁶ In between those years he served one term as an Assemblyman in 1753. He also served as Prothonotary, Clerk of the Court, Recorder, Clerk of Commissioners, and he acted as the agent of the Proprietaries (in other words, he worked for the PENN brothers and looked out for their interests). During these years he oversaw the building of the first jail, the first school, and the first church. The school was a subscription school. This, rather than taxes, is what paid for the building, teacher, upkeep, etc. William subscribed at the rate of 5 pounds and he was also a trustee. In 1754 he represented Northampton County in the Provincial Assembly.

Years of the “Indian Troubles” or, The Revenge Years

I make bold to trouble you once more, and it is not unlikely it may be the last. I have spent what little stock of cash I had in the public service, so that I am compelled to send this by a private hand.^{7, 8}

Letter from Major William PARSONS to John Hamilton and Benjamin Franklin” requesting help with fighting the Indians.

Pray help us, for we are in great distress. I do not know what we shall do for want of arms. If I can get a wagon to bring my daughter to Philadelphia, I will send her off immediately.⁷

Letter from Major William PARSONS to Governor MORRIS.

The quotes above are from a letter written by William requesting help with money, arms, ammunition, men (there were few left in Easton), etc. to fight the Indians and keep the people of Easton safe. He searched for a way to get the letter out to Governor Morris on a wagon leaving the area but there wasn’t one. By November of 1755, the Indians’ revenge for the Walking Treaty of 1737 was taking it’s toll. Everyone had already hunkered down and no one was leaving. Grace’s sister had already left Easton to go live with their mother in Philadelphia where it was safe. Grace was the last to leave her father in Easton in November or December of 1755. William gave his letter to Governor MORRIS to Grace for delivery, put her on a horse (no wagon or any other protection) and sent her riding 65 miles alone into Philadelphia to get help for Easton. The book of the history of Easton described this journey as, “…a two days’ journey, through unbroken forests, guided by Indian trails and bridle-paths…”. I can’t even imagine the courage it took for either of them to do that. The danger was very real and very close. William had just gotten the church and schoolhouse finished in 1755 so the women and children who stayed behind might have a safe place to go when the Indians were raiding and killing people. He had used all his time, all his effort, and all his remaining cash to build Easton, arm Easton, and take care of Easton’s inhabitants.

On 29 December 1755, during the “Indian Troubles”, William was appointed a Major in the Provincial Service. Major William PARSONS was assigned to the First Battalion as part of the effort to keep settlers safe from the Indian massacres. As Major, he was in command of all troops raised in Northampton County. For a time, he supervised all the defenses of the region. The “Indian Troubles” lasted from 1755-1757.

The End of an Age

In 1757 William built his final home, a rock-faced 3 1/2 story home that still stands today at 4th & Ferry Streets. (Yes- I said a half-story. I walked up that half flight of stairs – it’s real!) A book of the history of Easton states, “In the early days of April, 1757, William Parsons was preparing to move into his new house on the corner of Fourth and Ferry streets, as it was then complete.”⁸ William prepared a feast the day he moved in but he could not get mutton and could find no one to cook the meal. The history book doesn’t say how he resolved these problems but he did have a big move-in party and the book called his new home a “mansion”.⁹

That same year William’s daughter died of Consumption (aka Tuberculosis) at the Moravian Single Sisters’ Home. He also lost his son that same year. He never quite recovered from losing them. By 1757, William’s own health was failing. He sold his home to George TAYLOR – a signer of the Declaration of Independence.

Before his final years he’d made his peace with the Germans and Moravians and he’d embraced his evangelical faith. He’d also made his peace with his family the best he could. In his final days he’d written his will and he’d sent word to Johanna and his girls to come and see him before he died. One daughter made it but Johanna did not make it. On 17 December 1757 William PARSONS, the “Father of Easton” passed away. His funeral was conducted in a Moravian church by his son-in-law Jacob ROGERS, a Moravian minister. In his will, he left an inheritance to his children, sisters, in-laws, nieces and nephews, a servant girl, his wife, a scholarship fund, and even left a fund for perpetual care of his children’s and his mother’s graves.¹⁰ William was buried in the old German cemetery where members of the Third Street Reformed Church (aka German Reformed Cemetery) were buried – the one he’d laid out himself when he surveyed Easton. The old German Reformed Cemetery was on Mount Jefferson and here’s what it looked like from a distance in 1885:

Johanna lived another 16 years. She died in 1773 at the age of 74. She remained with the Moravian faith from the time she joined them around 1745 until her death. The Moravian records and the book of the history of Easton state that Johanna was born in Germany and came to Philadelphia in her youth in the company of an uncle. She married William PARSONS in 1722. She lived a quiet life and did not leave her room the last six weeks of her life. The history book states the couple had 6 children together.¹¹

Epilogue, Part 1

Fast forward 144 years. Easton was tired of subscription libraries. They wanted a free public library so they made one. After a short time, the free public library and the subscription library combined collections and this made them eligible for a Carnegie grant. They applied for and received the grant to build a new non-subscription public library.

Why is this part of my story? Because the only suitable place for the library was the old (and then-unused) Third Reformed Church cemetery (aka German Reformed Cemetery) where William was buried.

The call was put out for people to move their loved ones from the cemetery and many were removed to Easton Cemetery. All but two graves were moved. William PARSONS stayed and now lies in front of the library near the front door. A woman is buried out by the library’s parking lot. William was moved from his original burial spot in 1903.

Epilogue, Part 2: In the Footsteps of Sarah PARSONS CUMMINS & Her Brother, William PARSONS

Now fast forward 265 years to May, 2022 in the Marx Room at the Easton Public Library. I had just discovered my guy William buried in front of the library. I open his vertical file and see this:

I turn to the kind librarian (who doesn’t like William) and I say to her, what is the Parsons-Taylor House? She tells me it’s the house he built and lived in at the end of his life. I ask if it’s still standing. She says yes. I ask her where so she gives me general directions and I ask her if it’s open to tour and she says YES! I get the name of who to call and as soon as I leave the library I set up an appointment for the following morning. Y’all! I got to tour the house which is now owned by DAR, was treated like royalty because William was my family (even though they own they house because of George TAYLOR, not because of William), AND I got to walk on original floorboards on the second floor!! I walked where William and his daughter Grace walked. I can’t prove it, but I’m certain I walked on floorboards that my 8th great-grandmother, Sarah PARSONS CUMMINS, walked on!! They let me in every room (including the half-story) except for the basement and if I’d asked I think they would have let me go there, too.

This was William’s House in 1885:

Below are some pics from my visit in May, 2022. Enjoy!

A Few Last Notes For Fun

This image is just for fun…because nothing works like telling someone, “Why can’t you just be like your older brother?!” On the bright side though…the library opened on the date of this article!

A couple more. Who wants to take bets as to whether they were able to keep their promise to boycott the new Easton library??

Never underestimate the power of tax money or opposition from the powers that be. #Politics:

There is so much more I could tell you about William but I’ll save it for another time. I hope you’ve enjoyed learning about my 8th great grand-uncle and all he accomplished in his life. I’m going to keep updating this post throughout the week with the resources I used but I want to get this post out there tonight. I will sign off with one of my favorite closings William used in one of his letters to a good friend.

I am Your Real Friend,

Lisa @ Days of Our Lives

Resources

1. Weaver, Ethan Allen. Copies of Revolutionary War Letters Relating to Northampton County, PA. Easton Public Library, 1936.
2. Weaver, Ethan Allen. Copies of Revolutionary War Letters Relating to Northampton County, PA. Easton Public Library, 1936.
3. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
4. Wikipedia, accessed on 13 June 2022.
5. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
6. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
7. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
8. Weaver, Ethan Allen. Copies of Revolutionary War Letters Relating to Northampton County, PA. Easton Public Library, 1936.
9. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
10. https://www.wvgenweb.org/jackson/famhstry/wmparsons.html, accessed June 2022.
11. Condit, A. M., Rev. Uzal W. History of Easton from the Earliest Times to the Present, 1739-1885. George W. West, 1885.
12. http://goldsberrypickins.blogspot.com/2016/04/the-godfather-of-easton-pa-and-friend.html, accessed May-June, 2022.
13. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Parsons-10607, accessed May-June, 2022.